Alpine

Australian alpine ecosystems are at low altitude relative to the mountains over much of the rest of world and have a very restricted distribution. However, despite covering a small area, they are important for many plant and animal species, many of which are listed as threatened. Alpine ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate change, as small increases in temperature can dramatically reduce snow cover.

Scientists predict that by 2030 a warming of 1.8 degrees Celsius accompanied by 8% less precipitation would reduce the area covered by snow by up to 66%. By 2070 this could result in a 96% reduction in snow cover. Studies suggest a warmer climate would cause lower-elevation habitats to expand into the higher alpine zone. Such a shift would encroach on rare alpine meadows and other high-altitude habitats. High-elevation plants and animals have limited space available for new habitat as they move higher on mountains in response to long-term changes in temperature.

This scenario would mean a large reduction in many alpine habitats, threatening species such as the mountain pygmy possum. In addition, such change will threaten the viability of the Australian ski industry, a major contributor to the economy.

Scientists predict that by 2030 a warming of 1.8 degrees Celsius accompanied by 8% less precipitation would reduce the area covered by snow by up to 66%